The Poisson distribution and Stirling numbers

September 16, 2008

While working on an assignment for my machine learning class, I rediscovered the fact that if X is a random variable from a Poisson distribution with parameter \lambda, then

\displaystyle E[X^n] = \sum_{k=1}^n S(n,k) \lambda^k,

where S(n,k) denotes a Stirling number of the second kind. (I actually prefer Knuth’s curly bracket notation, but I can’t seem to get it to work on this blog.) In particular, if \lambda = 1, then E[X^n] is the nth Bell number B_n, the number of ways of partitioning a set of size n into subsets!

As it turned out, this didn’t help me at all with my assignment, I just thought it was nifty.